Exploring Indigenous Legumes of Indonesia: Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) and Evaluating Its Impacts on Bone Tissue Structure in Female Rats

Aims: The aim of the research was to analyze isoflavone levels and the estrogenic potential of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) on bone tissue structure preclinically.

Study Design: Analysis of genistein and daidzein pigeon pea powder using the HPLC method. Preclinical tests were carried out using rat. 24 female white Sprague Dawley rats aged 8-9 months body weight at the start of treatment 150-180 grams. Rats were divided into 3 treatment groups. Control (P0), treatment given a solution of pigeon pea seed powder 24 grams: 24 ml of distilled water (P1), and treatment given a solution of pigeon pea seed powder 8 grams: 24 ml of distilled water. The solution administration treatment was for 36 days. On the 37th day, surgery was performed and blood and bones were taken. Blood 17 β were analyzed using the HPLC method. HE staining bone micro technique.

Result: Genistein and daidzein pigeon pea were 247.89828 µg/g and 188.61309 µg/g respectively. 17β-estradiol P0 level 237.231 pg/ml; P1 603.926 pg/ml P2 486.153 pg/ml. Increased proliferation of osteoblasts and fibroblasts in bone tissue structures.

Conclusion: Genistein and daidzein are isoflavone compounds found in pigeon pea seeds. Genistein and daidzein can increase 17β-estradiol levels. Pigeon pea seeds have the potential to act as natural estrogen.