Humbang Hasundutan Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, Regional Road Grant Program: Econometric Descriptive Analysis Accessibility and Sustainability

The Regional Road Grant Program (PHJD) is a strategic government initiative aimed at improving regional accessibility through the development and maintenance of road infrastructure. This study examines the impact of PHJD on accessibility, land use changes, and socio-economic dynamics in Humbang Hasundutan Regency. The research employs spatial analysis using overlay maps of land use from 2018 and 2023, primary surveys with 100 respondents, and paired sample t-tests to measure travel time changes before and after the program. The findings reveal a 50% increase in built-up land along PHJD roads, accompanied by an 18% decrease in green and agricultural land, indicating intensified economic activity but with ecological trade-offs. Community accessibility improved significantly, with average travel times reduced by 35%, enhancing mobility to health, education, and economic centers. Additionally, the program led to a 50% increase in built-up land and a corresponding decline in agricultural and green areas, highlighting intensified economic activity. Statistical analysis confirms that PHJD implementation directly affected travel time (p < 0.05) and land use changes, underscoring its transformative role in regional development. However, challenges such as unplanned land use changes and increased congestion require attention to ensure sustainable growth.