Evaluating the Efficacy of Ruta chalepensis, Lantana camara and Ocimum basilicum Extracts in Controlling Infestations of Sitophilus oryzae, Acanthoscelides obtectus and Tribolium castaneum Infestations in Stored Grains

Chemical pesticides used against stored grain pests have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Insects such as Sitophilus oryzae (rice weevil), Acanthoscelides obtectus (bean weevil), and Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) cause significant damage to stored grains and their value-added products and are considered among the most destructive pests in India. Plants offer a promising alternative to synthetic pesticides, as they are rich sources of bioactive molecules. This study aims to evaluate the insect-repellent and insecticidal properties of essential oils from Ruta chalepensis (fringed rue), Lantana camara (lantana), and Ocimum basilicum (basil). The ultimate goal is to develop a sustainable and environmentally friendly biological control strategy against these pests.